Description
The ashwagandha plant (Withania somnifera) is an evergreen plant that is native to India. It was also discovered later to be growing widely in Northern Africa and the Middle East. The most potent and widely used plant parts are the roots. A couple of the common terminologies used to refer to the tuberous roots are Indian ginseng and winter cherry. The term ashwagandha is a combination of two Sanskrit words, ‘Ashwa’ and ‘Gandha’. The latter means that which smells like, while the former means a horse. The name was given as a result of the horse-like odour that comes from the roots. Also, it was believed that taking the roots would give one strength similar to that of a horse.
The ashwagandha plant grows in the form of a relatively short shrub. It only grows to a maximum height of 1.5m upon attaining maturity. The roots of the plant are pointed on the edges and have sizeable flesh in them. They are brown to beige on the inside. After planting, the roots take about half a year to attain maturity. The ashwagandha plant thrives in loose sandy soils with proper drainage. The optimal soil PH range is about 7.0-8.0. Upon harvesting the roots, they are washed thoroughly, sun-dried, and then crushed. After this, they are packaged into different usable forms: tablets, capsules, powder, and liquor extract.
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