Description
The tulsi plant (Ocimum tenuiflorum) is a perennial herb belonging to the Lamiaceae family. The plant is native to India, Taiwan, and parts of Northern and Eastern Africa. However, it now flourishes in many other regions such as Hainan Island, Malaysia, Philippines, Laos, China, Thailand, Indonesia, and Vietnam. Tulsi’s genus name, Ocimum translates to ‘fragrant plashed’, while the specific name, tenuiflorum translates to ‘tiny flowers’. Tulsi is also referred to as holy basil or tulasi. Holy basil alludes to how the plant was considered holy in the Indian region where it is native, especially among the locals who practice Hinduism.
Cultivation of tulsi is a very common practice in different regions nowadays. This plant does well in a variety of soils but particularly thrives in sandy loam soils and well-drained soils. A hot and wet climate has also been found to be ideal for the growth of this plant. Drought conditions and frost can cause a significant decrease in the yields for this plant. Tulsi is cultivated at altitudes not exceeding 900m. Propagation of tulsi is done using seeds. The planting season usually starts around February while the transplanting of the seedlings from the nursery is done in mid-April. Harvesting is done approximately 90 days from the time of planting. The mature plant is cut at a height of 15cm from the ground. After harvest, the leaves are dried under a shade for 2-3 days before being ground to obtain tulsi powder.
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